We are really lucky that we haven't had to take our kids to the ER yet. Well, until we were out of state. One afternoon as we were getting ready to head back out to the beach, Ella got a little huffy and resistant and plopped her body down on the ground while Matt was holding her hand. He instinctively pulled her up (by her arm) and she instantly starting crying. We wondered if she was injured, but at the same time it had been a long few days, she was overtired anyway, and it seemed maybe that was just the last straw for her. Matt stayed in and took a nap with Ella. When she woke up, she was still clingy and cranky. We also noticed she was not using her arm, and wouldn't let us touch it. We are out in the middle of nowhere as far as medical help goes, but there was a number at our house for a woman who makes house calls. When I called, though, I only got her voicemail that said she wouldn't return a call until the next morning. So, we packed Ella up in the car & headed to the closest clinic (45 minutes down the road) only to get there 10 minutes past closing. Another 15 minutes down the road and we ended up at the hospital where we entered the ER and had to wait another 2 hours to actually see someone.
Ella was very patient in the waiting room. Thankfully they had some toys, books & a video playing. She liked her fancy bracelets:

When we were finally admitted into a room, a Physician's Assistant came and took a look- within 30 seconds he diagnosed her with
Nursemaid's Elbow. He then demonstrated to me what he was going to do to put it back in place. In Daddy's arms, she was very brave as the PA popped her arm back in- she winced, and cried out, and then was calm. So after 3+ hours of driving/waiting, we spent about 2 minutes with medical help who solved the problem.
The PA brought her some ice cream for being so brave:

Then we headed home- another 1+ hour drive. It certainly could have been much much worse.
P.S. When we got back to NY and I told the pediatrician about the ordeal, she said I should have called her- she would have talked me through the steps of putting it back in place.